If you could possibly post some pictures of the area in question,that would help.
As you know any area that is considered to be exterior exposure must be insulated and covered on the interior side with a 6 mil vapor barrier as per your local building codes. The exterior side of the wall may or may or may not be required to have an air barrier as per local codes.
Now, the complicating factor is the introduction of a waterproof membrane. What you don't want is to possibly trap moisture in the tile underlayment layer, especially if it's not cement board.
I'm not 100% sure that Aqua Defence is rated as a vapor barrier. You may want to contact Mapei technical support for that one. I do know that Laticrete HydroBan is not considered as a vapor barrier and is ok to use over an existing poly barrier exterior wall.(as per technical support)
As for foam board, the same theory applies.
If you were to use a full vapor barrier rated waterproof membrane or underlayment board on the tiled walls that are on the exterior wall then you would not use a vapor barrier over the studs/insulation. (Please note that this would be against building code, so if this is being inspected it would not pass.)
Some of the products that would be in the above category are as follows:
Schluter Kerdi membrane
Schluter Kerdi Board
RedGard waterproof membrane (liquid)
Wedi Board
DensShield Board
There are other manufacturers products which may be available in your area that I have not mentioned.
As you can see this is not an easy issue to sort out.
You need to know exactly what products you are going to use and follow the manufacturers installation specifications.
If you can tell us for sure what products you intend to use, we can assist you further on the appropriate installation method.
Clear as mud!